I think it is quite tricky to find out the relationships between them.

So, I made a picture to understand the relationships easily.

In the above picture, "Trispace" font provided by "The Trispace Project Authors" is used.

From now on, let me show you the codes to prove this.

I used Chrome to print the results.

Settings

The codes below show what the constructor, the prototype, and the instance are.

// settings
function Person(name) {
  this.name = name;
}

Person.prototype.printName = function () {
  return this.name;
};

const person1 = new Person('Bada');

// info of the instance
console.log(person1); // { name: "Bada" }
console.log(person1.printName()); // Bada

About the Constructor

console.dir(Person); // ƒ Person(name)
console.dir(Person.__proto__); // ƒ anonymous()
console.dir(Person.prototype);
// { printName: ƒ (), constructor: ƒ Person(name) }

About 'f anonymous'

In [About the Constructor], Person.__proto__ was f anonymous. So, I wanted to know __proto__ of it.

console.dir(Person.__proto__.__proto__);
// Object [constructor, hasOwnProperty, isPrototypeOf, ...]

About the Instance

console.log(person1); // { name: "Bada" }
console.dir(person1.__proto__);
// { printName: ƒ (), constructor: ƒ Person(name) }
console.dir(person1.prototype); // undefined
console.dir(person1.constructor); // ƒ Person(name)

About the Prototype

console.dir(Person.prototype);
// { printName: ƒ (), constructor: ƒ Person(name) }
console.dir(Person.prototype.constructor); // ƒ Person(name)
console.dir(Person.prototype.__proto__);
// Object [constructor, hasOwnProperty, isPrototypeOf, ...]